补充和替代医学(CAM)方法减少年轻女性对形体不满的疗效分析和研究方案(2015-2020)
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Keck Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angles 90007, United States of America

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Analysis of the Effffects of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)
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Keck Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angles 90007, United States of America

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    摘要:

    背景:形体不满(BID)已经演变成一个全球问题,它与抑郁、焦虑、饮食失调和自卑因素显著相关。BID在中国青少年和年轻女性中日益常见,但缺乏有效的治疗和预防方案。目的:通过分析有效改善青少年BID的CAMs方法,并根据结果提出可行的改善BID研究方案,以填补目前中国针对青少年女孩的BID改善方案的空白。方法:收集并分析2015-2020年52项CAM对身体意象及其相关因素影响的研究,结合“in Favor of Myself”提出一项可行的研究方案。本研究方案在“In Favor of Myself”项目中加入了表扬、心理辅导、营养教育和瑜伽,主要通过团体支持来改善BID,转变患者注意力,从对自身外表的关注转变为对自我价值的提升,并通过瑜伽来缓解压力和情绪。结果:健身训练、心理教育、营养治疗、音乐治疗、健康促进项目和基于网络的干预方案是现有的改善BID的干预方法。其他CAMs,如针灸、美容、太极和芳香疗法,对于BID的干预和改善作用需要进一步的研究。结论:CAM具有改变主观身体感受、调整身体形象认知、增强身心联系、提高自尊、缓解消极情绪的能力,但CAM对BID的作用效果及作用机制尚需更系统、规范的研究来进一步验证。

    Abstract:

    Background: Body image dissatisfaction (BID) has garnered global attention. It is significantly correlated with the development of depression, anxiety, eating disorders (EDs) and low self-esteem. BID is increasingly common among adolescents and young women in China, whereas it lacks the effective treatment and prevention programs for BID. Objective: This paper expects to analyze the effective CAMs methods on improving BID, and based on the results, we put forward a feasible and effective study protocol to fill the gap of BID improvement among teenage girls. Methods: Fifty-two studies of CAM in 2015-2020 years in influencing body image and its correlates are collected and analyzed, and a study protocol combined “In Favor of Myself” is sent up. This study protocol adds praise, psychological counselling, nutrition education and yoga to the project “In Favor of Myself”, improving BID through group support, shifting attention from focusing on one’s physical appearance to enhancing one’s value, and alleviating pressure and emotions through yoga. Results: Many methods, such as fitness training, psychoeducation, nutritional therapy, music therapy, health promotion programs and internet-based interventions are considered the existing interventions to improve BID. Other CAMs, such as acupuncture, beauty care, Tai chi, and aromatherapy, could be tried in the improvement of BID in further studies. Conclusion: CAM is capable of subjectively changing feelings of bodies, adjusting their cognition of body image, enhancing the body-mind connection, improving self-esteem and relieving negative emotions, but the efficacy and mechanism of CAM working on BID still need more systematic and standardized research.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-03-02
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