ARNTL2与免疫浸润的相关性及其作为肺腺癌潜在预后生物标志物的作用
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杭州市中医院丁桥院区呼吸与危重症医学科 杭州 310021,杭州市中医院呼吸与危重症医学科 杭州 310007

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Correlation of ARNTL2 with Immune Infiltration and Its Role as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Lung Adenocarcinoma
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Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Dingqiao District), Hangzhou 310021, China Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou 310007, China

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    摘要:

    背景:ARNTL2属于bHLH转录因子的生物钟基因,在多种癌症中过表达,参与多种生物学过程,如肿瘤转移和细胞增殖,并参与调节免疫浸润和细胞周期进程。生物钟基因的异常表达与肿瘤的发生发展及不良预后密切相关。然而,ARNTL2如何影响肺癌患者预后的潜在机制亟待从细胞周期、免疫浸润和免疫调节分子等方面进一步阐明。目的:本研究拟探索ARNTL2与免疫浸润的相关性及其在肺腺癌(LUAD)患者中的临床预后价值。方法:Oncomine和Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE)数据库评估ARNTL2在多种肿瘤组织及细胞系中的表达量。Kaplan-Meier plotter和GEPIA2数据库评估ARNTL2与临床预后的相关性。Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER)和TISIDB数据库探索非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中ARNTL2表达与免疫浸润、免疫调节分子的相关性。免疫荧光(IF)染色评估ARNTL2与PD-L1在LUAD中共表达关系,并用COXPRESdb v7数据库验证。结果:差异表达分析显示,包括NSCLC在内的多种细胞系和癌组织,ARNTL2表达均显著上调,且ARNTL2在LUAD和肺鳞癌(LUSC)中的表达均显著高于正常肺组织(P<0.001)。生存分析表明,在总肺癌及LUAD患者中,ARNTL2高表达与较差的总生存期和首次进展生存期显著相关(P<0.001),但与LUSC无关(P>0.05)。GEPIA2数据库表明,在LUAD中,ARNTL2表达与cyclin A2/B1/B2/E1、CDK1/2/6、CDC25A/C呈中等程度正相关(P<0.001),与cyclin A1/D1/D2/E2呈轻度正相关(P<0.001,P<0.05)。除p57外,INK4和Cip/Kip家族成员与ARNTL2的表达均呈微弱正相关(P<0.001,P<0.01,P<0.05)。在LUSC中,ARNTL2表达与cyclin A1/A2/D2/E2、CDK1/2/4/6、p15/21/27、wee1、CDC25A呈轻度正相关(P<0.001,P<0.05),与p57呈负相关(P<0.01)。CDK1/6与LUAD患者ARNTL2表达及不良预后呈正相关(P<0.001,P<0.05)。免疫浸润分析表明,在LUAD中,ARNTL2表达与CD8+ T (R=0.216, P=1.51e-06)、巨噬细胞(R=0.171, P=1.58e-04)、中性粒细胞(R=0.397, P=1.03e-19)、树突状细胞(R=0.199, P=9.79e-06)呈正相关,与B细胞呈负相关(R=-0.167, P= 2.21e-04);在LUSC中,ARNTL2表达与中性粒细胞呈正相关(R=0.092, P=4.50e-02),与B细胞(R=-0.208, P=5.38e-06)、CD4+ T细胞(R=-0.207, P=5.30e-06)和巨噬细胞(R=-0.126, P=5.79e-03)呈负相关。同时,在LUAD中,B细胞和DC浸润与良好的预后呈正相关(P=0.000,P=0.048),而LUSC预后与免疫细胞浸润无关(P>0.05)。ARNTL2与免疫调节分子及免疫浸润相关性分析表明,CD274 (rho=0.416, P<2.2e-16)、PDCD1LG2 (rho=0.44, P<2.2e-16)与CD274 (rho=0.297, P=1.48e-11)、TGFB1 (rho=0.213, P=1.65e-06)分别是LUAD和LUSC中与ARNTL2呈正相关的前两位免疫抑制分子;IL2RA (rho=0.41, P<2.2e-16)、KLRC1 (rho=0.405, P<2.2e-16)与CD276 (rho=0.25, P=1.57e-08)、TNFRSF18 (rho=0.134, P=2.68e-03)分别是LUAD和LUSC中与ARNTL2呈正相关的前两位免疫刺激分子;TAP1/2 (rho=0.475, P<2.2e-16)与TAP1 (rho=0.125, P=5.16e-03)、TAP2 (rho=0.116, P=9.44e-03)分别是LUAD和LUSC中与ARNTL2正相关的前两位MHC分子。IF染色结果显示,与正常肺(NL)组织相比,LUAD中的ARNTL2和PD-L1信号明显增强,分化不良(PD)组的ARNTL2信号强于分化良好(WD)组(P<0.01),且各组ARNTL2与PD-L1均存在高度共定位关系(M1PD=0.941, M1WD=0.957, M1NL=0.962)。结论:ARNTL2在LUAD患者中高表达与其不良临床预后相关,其机制可能与其促进细胞周期进程有关,并可作为免疫治疗的潜在干预靶点。

    Abstract:

    Background: ARNTL2 is a core component of the circadian clock genes and plays regulatory roles in the cell cycle and immune infiltration, but its mechanism in lung cancer (LC) remains unclear. Objective: To investigate the clinical and therapeutic value of ARNTL2 in LC. Methods: The Oncomine and Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) databases were adopted for assessing the ARNTL2 expression, after which the Kaplan-Meier plotter and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) databases were used to assess the correlation of ARNTL2 with prognosis. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to identify independent prognostic factors. Also, we explored how ARNTL2 expression is related to immune infiltration, and immunomodulators in non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) using the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database, TISIDB database and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Finally, coexpression of ARNTL2 and PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) was verified via immunofluorescence staining and COXPRESdb v7 database. Results: Our study demonstrated a remarkable upregulated expression of ARNTL2 in multiple cell lines and cancers, including NSCLC. Prognostic analysis displayed a remarkable correlation between high ARNTL2 expression and unfavorable overall survival (OS) and first progressive (FP) survival among patients ailing from LUAD, and ARNTL2 was an independent predictor of prognosis for LUAD patients. GSEA analysis showed that overexpression of ARNTL2 was significantly linked with cell cycle and immunity. Furthermore, we reported a correlation of ARNTL2 expression with immunomodulators and lymphocytes. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that ARNTL2 and PD-L1 were elevated relative to normal tissue for LUAD, and colocalization of them was observed. Conclusion: Elevated ARNTL2 expression in LUAD revealed the prognostic values and its prospective role as a target for cell cycle and immune therapy.

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-11-08
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